Laboratory of experimental and technological

EXPERIMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL LABORATORY

The laboratory was established in 1963 under the leadership of Candidate of Chemical Sciences (since 1972 - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor) Talat Taybekovich Shakirov. Subsequently, it was headed by Candidate of Technical Sciences Muratbek Turakhodjaevich Turakhodjaev (1998-2008), Doctor of Technical Sciences Alim Zairovich Sadikov (2008-2012), Candidate of Technical Sciences Ravshanjan Muradjanovich Khalilov (2012-2014), Doctor of Technical Sciences Alim Zairovich Sadikov (2014-2018), and Doctor of Technical Sciences Gayrat Bakhtiyarovich Sotimov (since 2018 to the present). 

Prof. Т.Т. Shakirov 

This laboratory conducts extensive technological research on the processes of producing physiologically active plant substances, synthesized plant growth regulators, food protein, and other components from cottonseed meal. It also develops methods for analyzing and controlling production stages from raw materials to finished substances.

 

The main focus is on creating continuous, economically viable technological processes, reducing the cost of the final product, and finding ways to utilize production waste. The obtained data allow the development of theoretical foundations of chemical technology, identifying general patterns of technological processes to further accelerate the implementation of practical research results into production.

It has been found possible to mathematically model the technology of obtaining alkaloids depending on their basicity, content in raw materials, and type of raw materials. The potential for applying modern methods and techniques for purifying extracts from accompanying substances has been demonstrated, such as using ion-exchange resins to isolate alkaloids from solutions and purifying glycoside extracts from hydrophilic impurities, as well as the polybuffer method for separating complex alkaloid mixtures.

Effective methods of analysis and control for the production of preparations introduced into medical practice have been developed. The physicochemical properties of physiologically active compounds are studied, and relationships between their behavior in solutions and their structure are established, on which basis methods for the quantitative determination of active substances in raw materials, at technological process stages, and in dosage forms are developed. Chromatographic, polarographic, and spectrometric methods for analysis and stage-by-stage control of drug production have been proposed. Projects for regulatory technical documentation (RTD): Pharmacopoeial Articles (PA), Temporary Pharmacopoeial Articles (TPA), and Technical Specifications (TS) for preparations and their dosage forms are being developed.

One of the main directions of the technological department's scientific work is the development of technologies for producing substances of biologically active substances. When solving the set tasks, the experimental-technological laboratory staff focuses on solving applied problems related to the development of technologies and the introduction of highly effective preparations mainly from local raw materials into various sectors of the national economy. For this purpose, active cooperation with botanists, chemists, pharmacologists, and toxicologists of the Institute is carried out.

Thanks to the successful comprehensive work of the experimental-technological laboratory with co-authors, the anabolic drug "Ecdysten" was developed from the roots and rhizomes of Rhaponticum carthamoides (Leuzea carthamoides) and introduced into production.

The technology for obtaining ecdysten substance was mastered at the Experimental Production of the Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan (ICPAS), Shymkent Chemical-Pharmaceutical Plant (Kazakhstan), Manturovo Medical Preparations Plant (Russia). Ecdysten was one of the first preparations produced at the Institute's Experimental Production, which began to be exported abroad.

Ecdysten enhances protein biosynthesis in the body, exerts a pronounced tonic and anabolic effect, similar in molecular mechanism to anabolic steroids. Unlike anabolic steroids (hormones stimulating metabolism), ecdysten does not act as a male sex hormone, does not reduce gonadal function, and is free of the harmful side effects of exogenous testosterone and anabolic steroids. Ecdysten is widely used as a tonic, adaptogenic, and anabolic agent. The drug was tested and successfully began to be used in sports medicine to increase the speed-strength qualities of athletes during the preparation for competitions and directly during the competitions.

             

Scientific achievements of the laboratory

When processing Rhaponticum carthamoides, it was found that the waste from ecdysten production contains biologically active substances of flavonoid and lipid nature. As a result of the conducted research, methods for obtaining a sum of flavonoids and lipid concentrate were developed. Thus, the comprehensive technology for processing Leuzea allowed, along with ecdysten, to obtain a sum of flavonoids with hypoazotemic action and a lipid concentrate. Based on the lipid concentrate of Leuzea, specialists of the institute and the Almalyk Household Chemicals Plant developed the formula for the children's shampoo "Lemonchiki". This new type of phytoshampoo was produced by the Almalyk Household Chemicals Plant.

Among the plants studied by the Institute's specialists – producers with high content of phytoecdysteroids, the most promising for obtaining preparations turned out to be the endemic plant of Uzbekistan, Ajuga turkestanica (Turkestan's bugle). Along with ecdysten, a technology for producing the biologically active adaptogenic additive "Exumid" based on ecdysteroids of the bugle was developed and introduced.

Exumid exhibits a tonic effect, stimulates performance, and protects against the negative effects of various stress factors. Under the influence of Exumid, protein biosynthesis in the body, especially in muscle tissue, is enhanced, erythropoiesis and immunogenesis are stimulated. It does not possess hormone-like properties. Exumid causes favorable shifts in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, improves mood, psychological and physical state, and enhances the functional capabilities of the body. Exumid is not a doping agent and can be used in sports medicine without any restrictions from the perspective of anti-doping control.

Based on the ecdysteroids of Ajuga turkestanica, a technology for obtaining the biologically active additive "Zhisten" was developed and introduced into production, which is used in skin care products.

Zhisten promotes continuous water circulation through cells in all layers of the epidermis. The skin is restored, becomes more resistant to the action of external dehydrating factors affecting it.

Currently, based on this technology, the Zhistenin bioadditive is produced at the Experimental Production of ICPAS, which is exported by the Institute to the French firm "Christian Dior". The firm produces more than 30 types of products based on Zhistenin, which are sold worldwide. Zhisten (Zhistenin) is one of the first products exported abroad for more than 20 years.

Another adaptogenic and lactostimulatory drug based on the ecdysteroids and iridoids of the Turkestan's bugle is "Ayustan". From the same plant, the bioactive agent "Turkesterone" is obtained, which is sold to the firm "LATOXAN" (France).

From the processing waste of Ajuga turkestanica, technologies for obtaining a sum of iridoids (harpagide and 8-O-acetylharpagide) with hepatoprotective and choleretic actions and a lipid concentrate exhibiting wound-healing action and improving metabolic processes in the skin were developed.

It should be emphasized that the staff of the experimental-technological laboratory was the first in the world to develop and implement industrial technologies for preparations based on complex esters of terpenoid alcohols (CETA), isolated from various representatives of the genus Ferula.

The technology for producing the substance of the preparation "Tefestrol" was developed and implemented.

Tefestrol is a mixture of CETAs isolated from the roots of Ferula tenuisecta (finely dissected ferula). The drug eliminates general disorders arising due to ovarian function deficiency, activates the processes of synthesis and secretion of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones in the pituitary gland, and improves the overall condition of women in the climacteric period.

The low toxicity of the drug and its mild therapeutic effect allow its long-term use in combination with progestogens as hormone replacement therapy for many gynecological diseases.

Based on the complex esters of terpenoid alcohols from Ferula plants, estrogen-type drugs such as "Panoforol", "Panoroot-50", "Zofarol", "Protol", and "Kufestrol" have been developed and implemented, which are used in poultry farming to increase egg production.

In the development of this direction, a technology for producing the substance of the preparation "Ferulen" for the treatment of adenoma and prostate cancer based on the complex esters of terpenoid alcohols from F. tenuisecta was developed.

It has been shown that Ferulen has a pronounced anti-prostatic effect, reduces the mass of androgen-dependent organs (ventral prostate, anterior prostate, seminal vesicles, testes), and inhibits testosterone secretion. In terms of anti-prostatic activity, Ferulen surpasses synestrol, prostamol, and is not inferior to surgical castration. The drug has a mild anti-inflammatory effect. When taken orally, the drug is low in toxicity.

Based on flavonoids, technologies for obtaining the preparations "Cinaroside" and "Flanorin" were developed. Cinaroside is a hypoazotemic and nephroprotective agent, representing an individual flavonoid from Ferula varia, flanorin is a hepatoprotective and choleretic agent, consisting of a sum of flavonoids isolated from Pseudosophora alopecuroides.

A technology for the comprehensive processing of plant raw materials Thermopsis alterniflora (alternating-flowered thermopsis) to obtain the alkaloid "Cytisine" and a sum of flavonoids "Flateron" was developed.

Cytisine belongs to respiratory analeptics. The drug has an excitatory effect on the ganglia of the autonomic nervous system and related formations – the chromaffin tissue of the adrenal glands and carotid bodies.

Based on cytisine substance, the preparation "Nicotinabs" was developed by the joint venture "Nobel Farmanoat." Studies on the comparative bioequivalence of the preparations "Tabex" and Nicotinabs showed that in terms of acute toxicity and anti-nicotine activity, Nicotinabs corresponds to the drug Tabex. Currently, clinical trials of the drug Nicotinabs are being completed.

     A dependency of the distribution of alkaloids in heterophasic systems on the strength of their basicity has been established, which made it possible to develop rational technologies for obtaining more than 35 individual physiologically active alkaloids (lappaconitine, galantamine, lycorine, cytisine, protopine, deoxypeganine, etc.). An original method for purifying isoprenoid extracts by sorbing ballast substances on ion-exchange resins followed by liquid-liquid extraction of target products has been developed. Using this method, technologies for obtaining more than 15 isoprenoid-based drugs (oligvin, ecdysten, tefestrol, panoforol, etc.) and more than 10 phenol-based drugs (coumarins psoralen, psoberan, cinaroside) have been created. Technological developments have been implemented at enterprises in Uzbekistan (Tashkhimpharm Plant, Uzkhimprom Plants in Fergana, Navoi, Kokand), Kazakhstan (Shymkent Pharmaceutical Plant), Russia (VILAR, Manturovo Pharmaceutical Plant), cinaroside, flateron, ferulen, flanorin (Nika Pharm). Sixteen technological regulations, more than 50 pharmacopoeial articles on plant raw materials, substances, and dosage forms have been approved.

     The trademarks of the main preparations produced by the Institute (allapinine, galantamine hydrobromide, ecdysten, etc.) are registered in Uzbekistan and the Russian Federation.

     Several technological schemes for obtaining various food and agricultural preparations have been developed: food protein and phytin from cottonseed meal.

     The research results are published in republican and international journals. More than 30 authors' certificates and patents have been obtained, and 10 doctoral and 20 candidate dissertations have been defended.

Doctoral dissertations (DSc)

1. Шакиров Т.Т. «Исследование в области разработки технологии производства алкалоидов и некоторых фурокумаринов» (1972 г.).
2. Арипов Х.Н. «Технология производства алкалоидов Vinca erecta и Peganum harmala» (1979 г.).
3. Сагдуллаев Ш.Ш. «Технология комплексной переработки лекарственных растений Aconitum leucostomum, Aconitum septentrionale, Ungernia victoris, Rosa canina и шрота хлопчатника» (2007 г.).
4. Сагдуллаев Б.Т. «Технология получения субстанций из растений Alhagi pseudalhai Desv., Codonopsis clematidea Schrenk, Althaea armeniaca Ten., Plantago major L. и  Rosa canina L.» (2010 г.).
5. Маматханов А.У. «Разработка технологий производства субстанций препаратов на основе экдистероидов и сложных эфиров терпеноидных спиртов из растений Rhaponticum carthamoides, Silene praemixta, Ajuga turkestanica и Ferula tenuisecta» (2014 г.).
6. Садиков А.З. «Оптимизация технологий производства алкалоидов из растительного сырья» (2015 г.).
7. Сотимов Г.Б. «Pазработка технологий производства субстанций препаратов на основе алкалоидов и флавоноидов при комплексной переработке Thermopsis alterniflora» (2017 г.)
8. Мадрахимов Ш.Н. «Разработка технологии лекарственных форм фланорина, ферулена, циннарозида, эксумида, катацина и аллергодафа» (2018 г.)

9. Халилов Р.М. «Разработка технологии производства субстанций препаратов ферулена, фланорина, цинарозида на основе флавоноидов и сложных эфиров терпеноидных спиртов из растений флоры Узбекистана» (2018 г.)

10.Маматханова М.А.  Apiaceae ва Asteraceae  оилаларига мансуб ўсимликларнинг терпеноидлари асосида препаратларнинг субстанцияларини ишлаб чиқариш технологиялари (2023г.)

Doctoral dissertations (PhD)

1. Маматханова М.А. «Технология получения субстанций препаратов Цинарозид и Куфэстрол» (2011 г)

1. Ботиров Р.А. «Создание рациональных технологий субстанций стахидрина, донаксина гидрохлорида, ликорина гидрохлорида и платифиллина гидротартрата» (2018 г).
2. Валиев Н. «Технологии производства субстанций препаратов антиаритмина и дигидроатизина гидрохлорида» (2018 г).
3. Жураев О.Т. «Технология получения алкалоида аконитина высокой степени чистоты из клубней Aconitum soongaricum» (2019 г)
4. Хажибаев Т.А. «Разработка технологий производства сухих экстрактов из bidentis tripartitae и tribulus terrestris» (2020 г.)
5. Абдурахманов Б.А. «Разработка технологий производства сухих экстрактов из Hypericum scabrum, Glycyrrhiza glabra и Silybum marianum» (2020 г.)
6. Саноев А.И. «Технологии флюидной экстракции биологически активных веществ из вторичных продуктов переработки растенией Glycyrrhiza glabra, Amaranthus hypochondriacus и Vitis vinifera» (2021 г)
7. Муталова Д.К. N-дезоксилаппоконитин гидробромид, донаксин гидрохлоридисубстанциялари, аконитин биореактиви, уларнинг хом ашёлари ва саноат ишлаб чиқариш технологияларининг назоратлари (2024г.)  

Publications

1. Ботиров Р.А., Азизова М.А. / Янги, иқтисодий самарадор технология асосида ликорин гидрохлорид олишнинг технологик тизими // - Тошкент. Ўзбекистон Фармацевтик хабарномаси -2017. -№1. -Б 49-55.
2. Ботиров Р.А., Дусчанова Г.М., Азизова М.А. / Capparis spinosa – растительное сырьё для получения алкалоида стахидрина и морфо-анатомическое строение его вегетативных и генеративных органов // -Ташкент. Фармацевтический вестник Узбекистана. -2017. -№3. -С 25-29.
3. K. S. Zhauynbaeva, R. K. Rakhmanberdyeva, B. A. Abdurakhmanov. Polysaccharides from Silybum marianum, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 2017, Volume 53, Issue 5, pp 820–822.
4. Botirov R.A., Azizova M.A., Ahmedov V.N., Valiev V.N., Sadykov A.Z., Sagdullaev Sh.Sh. / Factors influencing on the extraction of stahydrine alkaloid from plant Capparis spinosa // -Ташкент. Фармацевтический журнал. -2017. -№4. -С. 54-58.
5.  Botirov R.A., Mutalova D.K., Abraeva Z.Ch., Sadykov A.Z., Sagdullaev Sh.Sh., Aisa H.A. / On manufacture of platyphylline hydrotartrate from the aerial parts of senecio platyphyllus // -Tashkent.  Uzbek Biological Journal. -2017. -P. 55-58.
6. Botirov R.A., Karimov U.T., Aripova S.F., Sagdullaev Sh.Sh. / Optimization of the extraction process when receiving the sum alkaloids of the Crambe kotschyana // -Tashkent.  Uzbek Biological Journal. -2017. -P. 78-81.
7.  Ботиров Р.А., Саноев З.И. Математическое планирование процесса экстракции алкалоида донаксина из растения Аrundo donax L // Universum: химия и биология : электрон. научн. журн. 2018. № 7 (49). C. 22-27. URL: https://7universum.com/ru/nature/archive/item/6065
8. Janibekov A.A., Yossef F.S., Ashour M.L., Mamadalieva N.Z. New flavonoid glycosides from two Astragalus species (Fabacea) and validation of their antihyperglycaemic activity using molecular modeling and in vitro studes., Industrial Grops Products, 2018, 118, 142-148.
9. B. A. Nigmatullaev, G. M. Duschanova, B. A. Abdurahmonov, G.B. Sotimov, Anatomical Structure of Vegetative and Generative Organs of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (Fam. Asteraceae), American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2018, 9, 38-43.
10. Валиев Н.В., Ботиров Р.А., Жураев О.Т., Маҳмудова Б.Ш., Салимов Б.Т., Садиков А.З., Сагдуллаев Ш.Ш. Стандартизация надземной части Aconitum Zeravschanicum в качестве алкалоидоносного сырья // Universum: Химия и биология: 2018. № 10(52). C. 10-14.
11. Janibekov A.A., Yossef F.S., Ashour M.L., Mamadalieva N.Z. New flavonoid glycosides from two Astragalus species (Fabacea) and validation of their antihyperglycaemic activity using molecular modeling and in vitro studes., Industrial Grops Products, 2018, 118, 142-148.
12. B. A. Nigmatullaev, G. M. Duschanova, B. A. Abdurahmonov, G.B. Sotimov, Anatomical Structure of Vegetative and Generative Organs of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (Fam. Asteraceae), American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2018, 9, 38-43.
13. Ботиров Р.А., Азизова М.А., Валиев Н.В., Жураев О.Т., Садиков А.З., Сагдуллаев Ш.Ш. Технология производства субстанции лекарственного препарата донаксина гидрохлорида // Universum: Химия и биология: 2019. № 3(57). С. 44-47.
14. Валиев Н.В., Ботиров Р.А., Жураев О.Т., Саноев А.И., Азизова М.А. Оптимизация процесса получения дигидроатизина // Universum: Химия и биология: 2019. № 3(57). С. 48-52.
15. Жураев О.Т., Ботиров Р.А., Валиев Н.В., Джураева Л.Т. Изучение факторов, влияющих на процесс экстракции алкалоида зонгорина из надземой части растения Aconitum monticola // Universum: Химия и биология: 2019. № 5(59). С. 18-21.
16. Саноев З.И., Мирзаев Ю.Р., Ботиров Р.А., Арипова С.Ф. Донаксин гидрохлоридининг фармакологик хусусиятларини тажрибада ўрганиш // Инфекция, Иммунитет ва фармакология. 2019. № 2. Б. 212-216.
17. Жураев О.Т., Ботиров Р.А., Валиев Н.В., Муталова Д.К., Садиков А.З., Сагдуллаев Ш.Ш. Технология производства субстанции 1-о бензоилнапеллина гидрохлорида, обладающего антиаритмическим свойством, из растительного сырья Aconitum monticola // Universum: Химия и биология: электрон. научн. журн. 2019. № 10(64). С. 19-21.
18. Дусматова Д.Э., Маматханова М.А., Ботиров Р.А., Хажибаев Т.А., Мухаматханова Р.Ф., Шамьянов И.Д., Халилов Р.М. Изучение процесса экстракции сесквитерпеновых лактонов из корней Inula Grandis // Universum: Химия и биология: 2019. № 3(57). С. 34-39.
19. Муталова Д.К., Ботиров Р.А., Жураев О.Т., Валиев Н.В., Садиков А.З., Сагдуллаев Ш.Ш. Контроль производства субстанции донаксина гидрохлорида // Universum:Химия и биология: электрон. научн. журн. 2019. № 10(64). С. 22-24.
20.  A.A. Janibekov, T.X. Naubeev, G.A. Sabirova, K.J. Kusherbaev, Determnation of chemical structure of cyclolehmanoside A from Astragalus lehmannianus., News of the Academy of sciences of the Republic of Kazakstan, 2019, 434, 2, 50-54.
21. Ботиров Р.А., Валиев Н.В., Жураев О.Т., Садиков А.З., Сагдуллаев Ш.Ш., Турсунова Ш.З. Технология производства алкалоида стахидрина из растения Capparis spinoza L // Universum: технические науки : электрон. научн. журн. 2020. № 9(78).С. 55-59. DOI - 10.32743/UniTech.2020.78.9-2.
22. N. Mamadalieva, S. Bohmdorfer, G. Zengin, M. Bacher, A. Potthast, D. Akramov, A. Janibekov, T. Rosenau., Phytochemical and biological activites of Silene viridiflora  extractives.  Development and validation of a HPTLC metod for quantification of 20-hydroecdysone., Industrial Grops  Products, 2019, 129, 542-548
23. Маматханова М.А., Исламова Ж.И., Халилов Р.М., Маматханов А.У. Технология производства антигельминтного средства из корней Ammothamnus Lehmannii, Химико фармацевтический журнал. 2020. –Том 54, –№9, – С.37-42. DOI: 10.30906/0023-1134-2020-54-9-37-42. 54, pages 932–937 (2020)
24. Маматханов А.У., Халилов Р.М., Маматханова М.А., Комплексная переработка корневищ с корнями Rhaponticum carthamoides с получением субстанции экдистена, суммы флавоноидов и липидного концентрата, Химико фармацевтический журнал., 2020. –Том 54, –№10, – С.42-46. DOI: 10.30906/0023-1134-2020-54-10-42-46.
25. M.A. Agzamova, A.A. Zhanibekov, M.D. Alanya, A.V. Shkhirtladze ans V.D. Mshvildadze., New cycloartane glicoside from Astragalus mucidus. Chemistry of Natural compounds. Vol.56, No. 6. P. 1085-1087 November, 2020.
26. M.A. Agzamova, G. M. Dushanova, H.A. Rakhmatov, A.A. Zhanibekov., The Anatomical Structure of Leaves and Thorns Plants Astragalus pterocephalus Bunge, Growing in Uzbekistan., American Journal of Olant Sciences, 2020, 11, 569-577.
27. Саноев А.И. Сагдуллаев Ш.Ш, Гусакова С.Д, Хидоятова Ш.К, Мукаррамов Н.И, Влияние условий сверхкритической углекислотной экстракции жмыха амаранта на выход экстракта и содержание в нем сквалена, Химия растительного сырья, 2020. №2. С. 315–322. DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.2020026257.
28. Youssef, F.S., Mamatkhanova, M.A., Mamadalieva, N.Z., Zengin, G., Aripova, S.F., Alshammari, E., Ashour, M.L., Chemical profiling and discrimination of essential oils from six ferula species using gc analyses coupled with chemometrics and evaluation of their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential, Antibiotics, (2020) Antibiotics, 9 (8), статья № 518, pp. 1-12 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9080518
29. Абдурахманов Б.А., Халилов Р.М., Сотимов Г.Б. Изучение процесса экстракции гиперицина из надземных частей Hypericum scabrum и Hypericum perforatum // Химия растительного сырья. 2021. №1. С. 299–307. DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.2021018277.
30. Маматханов А.У., Ахмедходжаева Х.С., Маматханова М.А., Халилов Р.М. Эстрогенподобные вещества надземной части Ferula tschimganica // Химико фармацевтический журнал. –2021, –Том 55, –№3, – С.28-33. DOI: 10.30906/0023-1134-2021-55-3-28-33.
31. Tukhtasheva V.F., Rejepov J., Djakhangirov F.N., Zakhidova L.T., Halilov R.M., Saidkhodjayeva D.M. Antiprostatic activity of ferulene in male rats // International Journal of Current Research and Review. – 2021, – Vol 13. – Issue 07. – P.4-8. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31782/IJCRR.2021.13720.
32.  Duschanova Guljan, Botirov Rozali, Valiev Nematjon. Anatomical Structure of the Vegetative and Generative Organs of Haplophyllum Perforatum (Rutaceae) Growing in the Conditions of Uzbekistan // Asia Life Sciences. Volume - 11, Issue 0430 Apr 2021. Journal ID: ALS-18-04-2021-5585.

33 K.V. Raimova, Z.V. Turdieva, A.B. Bozorboeva, N.G. Abdulladjonova, A.D. Matchanov, G.B. Sotimov Development of a method for drying above-ground part of plants Urtica dioica L, Crataegus pontica L. Academicia an InternationalMultidisciplinary Research Journal. Vol. 11, Issue 5, May 2021 p.1288-1293. DOI: 10.5958/2249-7137.2021.01556.1 (IF.: SJIF2021=7,492)

34 Д.Т.Асилбекова, Х.М.Бобокулов, Ш.Ш.Сагдуллаев, Г.Б.Сотимов Исследование липидов и эфирного масла корня Glycyrrhiza glabra, произрастающей в Узбекистане  ХПС 2021 г. №2. С.238-241.

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37. Duschanova Guljan, Botirov Rozali, Valiev Nematjon. Anatomical Structure of the Vegetative and Generative Organs of Haplophyllum Perforatum (Rutaceae) Growing in the Conditions of Uzbekistan // Asia Life Sciences. Volume - 11, Issue 0430 Apr 2021. Journal ID: ALS-18-04-2021-5585.

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39. Дусчанова Г.М., Г.Б. Сотимов, Базарова А.Б. //Анатомо-гистологическое строение стебля Cistanche salsa семейство Orobanchaceae vent Хоразм Маъмун академияси ахборотномаси: №6/1 (90),2022,45-48б.

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42. Маматханов А.У., Хажибаев Т.А., Халилов Р.М. //Ajuga turkestanica – альтернативный источник для производства экдистена/ Химия растительного сырья. 2022. №1. С. 309–318. DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.2022019271.

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